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I am an adult with Spina Bifida concerned about my cardiac health. I find it hard as a wheelchair user to do regular aerobic activity. Am I at greater risk for a heart attack? You ask an excellent and important question. There is no information specifically looking at individuals living with Spina Bifida, but our knowledge of the general adult population probably applies. Risk factors for heart attacks include the following: Smoking Therefore, it is important to see your primary care provider regularly to address these risk factors. Smoking is probably the most important risk factor to try and avoid and there are newer treatments to discuss with your doctor if you are ready to quit. High cholesterol, high blood pressure, and diabetes can be treated and should be screened for regularly. Family history cannot be modified but your doctor should be aware of this risk factor. Obesity is a difficult risk factor to control in the United States these days. We have an epidemic of obesity and people with Spina Bifida are included. The challenge for those with Spina Bifida is maintaining a healthy weight through appropriate diet and exercise. Both of these goals can be difficult if there are significant mobility and weakness issues. Regular physical activity has been shown to protect against coronary heart disease. Any activity is better than none, but ideally at least 30 minutes of aerobic activity 3 or more days per week is best. Aerobic exercise for those with Spina Bifida can occur through adapted sports programs, gym memberships with assistance by those with therapeutic recreation or physical therapy backgrounds, or via a home program. The National Center on Physical Activity and Disability has information on exercise and fitness for individuals with disabilities, including some resources specifically for those living with Spina Bifida. Go to www.ncpad.org to learn more. The other important part of fighting obesity is a healthy diet.Those with Spina Bifida likely burn fewer calories at rest due to a lower muscle mass. They also burn fewer calories if they do not have motor movement in the lower extremities (legs and feet). Therefore, many individuals with Spina Bifida need fewer calories in their daily diet. Many would maintain an optimal weight if their calorie intake were around 1000-1100 calories per day, which is significantly less than the typical American diet. Since each person is unique, it is best to discuss your individual daily calorie needs with a nutritionist who can also provide suggestions on how to shop for and prepare a balanced diet that would meet those calorie needs. Although these exercise and nutrition goals are not easy, it is most important to attempt some physical activity and pay attention to how much you are eating everyday. Little things like using your manual wheelchair for shorter distances, substituting water for sugar drinks, lifting lights weights while watching television, or not going back for second helpings can all add up to help control your weight. The Health Guide for Adults Living with Spina Bifida includes a section on physical activity and weight control that is helpful for adults concerned about their general health. This publication is available at SBA’s Marketplace. http://www.spinabifidaassociation.org/site/apps/ka/ec/category.asp?c=liKWL7PLLrF&b=2705387&en=grKHIYOHI8LGKVNAI7LGIZPKIpI1J3NxFaKSK9NLIiJMLYOMLvF
For more information on the genetics and factors associated with Spina Bifida, please visit the Spina Bifida Association fact sheet. Interested in submitting a question for Question of the Month? Email us at sbaa@sbaa.org. The information provided here is for informational, educational and entertainment purposes only. It is not intended to replace, and should not be interpreted or relied upon as, medical or professional advice. Your use of this site means that you agree to the terms and conditions detailed in our disclaimer. For past questions and answers visit the Ask the Doctor archive. |